
A sudest del capoluogo, situato alla destra del Ticino, Cerano ha avuto origine poco prima dell'anno Mille. Apparso nei documenti con i nomi di "Cerretanum" e "Cerredanum", venne inserito nel "Comitatus Bulgariensis", che comprendeva il territorio dei borghi siti lungo il fiume Ticino. Seguì poi le vicende dei conti di Pombia e dei conti di Biandrate. Distrutta nel 1356 dai Visconti, che allora erano in lotta con i marchesi del Monferrato, rimase alle dipendenze di Milano fino al 1546. Successivamente passò alla famiglia Gallarati e nel 1771 ai Gallarati-Scotti. Fiorente, ancor oggi, è l'attività agricola e industriale.
Cerano appeared in documents with different names: “Cerretanum” and “Cerredanum”, it was included in the “Comitatus bulgariensis”, which included the territory of the villages along the Ticino river. Cerano followed the story of Pombia and Biandrate. It was destroyed in 1356 by Visconti and it was under the dominion of Milan until 1546. Later was a Gallarati feud and then Gallarati-Scotti. Today is an important agricultural and industrial center.
| Abitanti/Inhabitants number: 6775 |
Superficie/Surface: kmq: 32,10 |
Altitudine sul mare/Altitude: 127 m |
| Denominazione degli abitanti/Inhabitants: ceranesi |
Altre località/Towns: Camerona,Cerina,La Badiola,Molino Crosa,Villa Giulia |
Cascine/Farms: Belvedere,Cannoniera,Dellupi, Frasche,Izzano,Lobrino Grande, Milongo,Nuova,Mirabella,Polveriera, Ranzina,Ressiga,Rosalina |
| Festa patronale/Patrons: Beato Pacifico |
Telefono/Phone: Prefisso 0321 |
Codice Postale/Postal code: 28065 |
The parish church of the Birth of the Virgin Mary stand in the centre of town and dates from the 15th century. It has three aisles on a Latin cross, with a dome, richly stuccoed in the Baroque style, above the centre of the transept. From the 17th to the 19th centuries the church was restores and extended several times: the bell tower and the dome were built, the ancient chapel of the Beato Pacifico was converted to an oratory, the building was extended in length and the façade altered with the addition of statues and medallions. Above the high altar is the celebrated painting of the last supper, the work of Gian Battista Crespi known as Cerano, dated 1594-95: this is considered by scholars to be the artist’s earliest work of importance. The 17th century wooden choir, divided into upper and lower stalls with lecterns, is very fine, with lavish intarsia decorations. In the upper part is a splendid polyptych recently attributed to Sperindio Cagnoli and executed in the early 16th century. It is an imposing work with a carved and gilded wooden frame enclosing the paintings representing the Virgin, St John and some saints.
The church of St Peter, located near the cemetery on the road to the Ticino river, is a building consisting of three aisles with four bays each, and a Gothic transept and tiburio: the original structure, in spite of a work carried out in the Baroque and neoclassical periods, has remained more or less intact. The construction of the church probably dates from the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th, since in 1347 it was already names as a benefice of one of the Tornielli family. In the 16th century the church fell into disrepair, as a result of which bishop Serbelloni entrusted it to the care of the Confraternity of the visitation, who caused the frescoes, now in poor condition, to be painted on the façade. The side aisles of the interior have ribbed cross vaults with terracotta pillars. On the high altar is a valuable 16th century painting reèresenting the Virgin suckling the Child, while os especial interest is the fresco showing Diogenes bearing a band with the inscription “Expello”.
The church was built at the beginning of the 17th century and is a short distance from the centre of town. Originally there were two entrances to the church, but noe only the entrance under the portico on the façade, supported by four granite columns, remains.
The most interesting is the town hall, formerly the property of Obicini of Milan who kept it until 1888, when it was sold to the commune. A brief mention should be made of Casa Mercalli, a building next to the school, once a sik mill when sik was male, Palazzo Bellini and Casa de Giuli, representing periods of wealth and economic transformation occurring during the second half of the 19 th century.
The land around Cerano, which used to be wooden and marshy, was partially transformed at the time of Roman colonisation into a farm land. But it was only the 12th century that saw a radical undertaking to expand agriculture by the planning and construction of ditches, canals and, later on, mills and farms. The most ancient, the Roggia Cerana, which was built in 1202, runs through the town and two of its mills can still be seen, one on the bridge of the Rio Mulino known as the “Porta” and the other called St Rocco, near St Rocco square. The Roggia Mora, built in the 14th century at the wishes of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan known as Il Moro, starts in the countryside round Ghemme and, supplied with water from the rivers Sesia, Strona, Terdoppio and Agogna, passes through Cerano in the area of the Cascina Camerona and flows down to the countryside round Vigevano where in the 14th century it irrigated the land for the Duke of Milan’s experimental crops. The Roggia Molinara if formed from a stagnant tributary of the river Ticino at Galliate and its waters supply various mills along its course. The “Mulinetto” and the 2Crosa”, in the Cerano area, should be mentioned. Right by the river Ticino, to the west of Cerano, flows the old Sforzesco Canal whose construction was started in 1447 and finished in 1482. It comes to an end in the countryside surrounding the model farm la Sforzesca, near Vigevano, the former property of the duke of Milan. No less important but the last to be built is the Lamgosco canal, begun by count Guido Langosco in 1613 and finished in 1665 by a successor of his. This waterway starts from the Ticino in the region between Cameri and Galliate and is 43 km long, going through Cerano as well, as far as the Lomellina. The planning and building of these ditches are a real example of hydraulic engineering. These waterways which run through our land have a system of locks which can be opened or closed to regulate the flow of water for irrigation. The same system was adopted and perfected in the later studies of Leonardo.
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